Data might vary from simple to complex in structure & it can have multiple formats like XML, XSD, CSV, JSON, EDI, Flat Files and more. These data need to be manipulated, transformed and passed from multiple sources to multiple target systems.
Simple Example:
1] Salesforce need to send data to COBOL from JSON to Flat file, via File Transfer OR
2] Oracle need to send to SAP system from CSV To EDI via REST Call in secured manner.
3] EDI 250 need to be pulled from a repository, convert to XML and pass the data to 10 different target systems on a scheduled basis with multiple protocols like XCOM, FTP, SFTP, webservice (SOAP/RPC Encoded); etc.
Due to the overhead of multiple systems, multiple technologies, multiple methods, enormous data transformation & many more of such problems; IT Team, came up with a brilliant solution, which is nothing but the introduction of Integration / Middleware Technologies & youTube Channel, Integration Anarchy talks about it's implementation, in depth.