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Goiter ※ Thyroid Tumor 💉Radiofrequency Ablation ┬┬ RFA

Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) and Thyroid Tumors: A Minimally Invasive Approach to Thyroid Health

Introduction
Whether benign or malignant, thyroid tumours can significantly impact a person's quality of life, leading to symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, breathing, and noticeable neck swelling.

Traditionally, surgical intervention has been the primary treatment for thyroid tumours, especially for more significant or malignant cases.

However, advancements in medical technology have introduced less invasive options that offer effective treatment with reduced recovery times. One such innovative treatment is Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA), a technique gaining traction as a viable alternative for managing thyroid tumours.


What is Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)?

Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure that uses heat generated by high-frequency electrical currents to destroy tumour tissue. This technique, guided by ultrasound, involves inserting a needle-like probe into the thyroid nodule or tumour. Once in place, the probe delivers targeted radiofrequency energy that heats and ablates the tumour tissue, reducing or destroying it over time.

Applications of RFA in Thyroid Tumors

RFA is particularly effective in treating benign thyroid nodules that cause symptoms or cosmetic concerns. However, its applications sometimes extend to small, localized malignant tumours, especially when surgery poses significant risks or is not feasible.

Benign Thyroid Nodules:
Symptomatic Relief: Benign thyroid nodules, though non-cancerous, can grow large enough to cause discomfort, difficulty swallowing, or cosmetic issues. RFA effectively reduces the size of these nodules, alleviating symptoms and improving quality of life.
Cosmetic Considerations: For patients concerned about the appearance of a large thyroid nodule, RFA offers a minimally invasive solution that avoids the need for a surgical scar.
Preservation of Thyroid Function: Unlike surgery, RFA does not require the removal of the thyroid gland, which helps preserve thyroid function and reduces the likelihood of needing lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
Malignant Thyroid Tumors:
Small, Localized Cancers: RFA can be a treatment option for minor, localized thyroid cancers, particularly in patients who are not candidates for surgery due to age, comorbidities, or personal preference.
Recurrence Management: For patients with recurrent thyroid cancer, especially in cases where surgery is no longer a viable option, RFA can help manage the disease by targeting and destroying recurrent tumour tissue.
Advantages of RFA Over Traditional Surgery
Minimally Invasive: RFA is performed using a needle-like probe, resulting in a less invasive procedure than traditional surgery. This means smaller incisions, less pain, and a quicker recovery.
Outpatient Procedure: Most RFA treatments are performed on an outpatient basis, allowing patients to return home the same day. This is a significant advantage over surgery, often requiring hospital stays and extended recovery periods.
Reduced Recovery Time: Patients undergoing RFA typically experience a faster recovery compared to those who undergo thyroid surgery. Many return to normal activities within a few days.
Lower Risk of Complications: RFA carries a lower risk of infection, scarring, and damage to surrounding tissues, including the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which can affect voice function.
Preservation of Thyroid Function: Because RFA targets only the tumour tissue, it spares healthy thyroid tissue, reducing the likelihood of hypothyroidism and the need for lifelong thyroid hormone replacement.

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Keywords:
goiter
thyroid tumor
thyroid cancer
RFA radiofrequency ablation
treatment of thyroid nodule

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