The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, also known as the Amritsar Massacre, was a pivotal event in Indian history during the British colonial era. Here's a detailed overview of the incident:

Background:

The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre occurred on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, Punjab, India, during the British Raj.
The British government had imposed martial law in Punjab and banned public gatherings after unrest and protests against British rule.
The Massacre:

On the day of the massacre, thousands of Indians, including men, women, and children, had gathered at Jallianwala Bagh, a public garden, to peacefully protest against the arrest of Indian leaders and to demand independence from British rule.
The gathering was peaceful and non-violent, with people gathered to listen to speeches and participate in prayers.
Acting on the orders of Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer, British troops, including Gurkha and Baluchi soldiers, surrounded the garden and blocked the only entrance, a narrow alleyway.
Brutal Response:

Without warning, Dyer ordered his troops to open fire on the unarmed and defenseless crowd, which included women and children.
The soldiers fired indiscriminately into the crowd for about 10 to 15 minutes, shooting until their ammunition was almost exhausted.
Estimates of the number of casualties vary widely, but it is believed that hundreds of people were killed, and over a thousand were wounded in the massacre.
Aftermath:

The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre shocked the nation and the world, leading to widespread condemnation of British rule in India.
The British government initially defended Dyer's actions, but public outrage in India and Britain eventually forced them to take action.
In 1920, the Hunter Commission was appointed to investigate the massacre, which led to Dyer's dismissal from the army.
The massacre fueled the Indian independence movement and inspired leaders like Mahatma Gandhi to adopt nonviolent resistance as a tool for political change.
Legacy:

The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre remains a symbol of British oppression and the struggle for Indian independence.
The site of the massacre, Jallianwala Bagh, has been preserved as a memorial to those who lost their lives.
The massacre serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made by those who fought for freedom and justice during India's struggle for independence.
The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre stands as a dark chapter in India's history, highlighting the brutality of British colonial rule and the resilience of the Indian people in their quest for freedom and dignity.
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